The Breakthrough of the Scroll Compressor
The first Copeland Scroll® rolled off the production line in 1987, and the cooling industry was changed in a way that would benefit contractors and their customers in many, many ways. The prime benefits have been efficiency and product reliability.
Many features of the Scroll focus on preventing compressor failures, but the Scroll’s primary design also improves efficiency and reliability thanks to its classic, concentric compression scroll, in which one spiral-shaped part fits into another; the space between the two parts contains crescent-shaped gas pockets.
CLASSIC SCROLL OPERATION
In operation, one Scroll is fixed in place while the other orbits within the first. The refrigerant gas is drawn in by the movement and forced toward the center of the scroll through successively smaller pockets, thereby increasing the gas pressure until it reaches its maximum pressure. Then it’s released through a discharge port in the fixed scroll.
Copeland Scroll compressors are unique in the industry because they feature both axial and radial compliance in their design, whereas other scroll models utilize a mechanically fixed design and scroll tip seals.
Axial compliance refers to the ability of the scrolls to separate in the axial — or vertical — direction remaining in continuous contact around an axis, in all normal operating conditions, ensuring minimal leakage without the use of tip seals. Radial compliance refers to the ability of the scroll flanks to separate. These features of the Scroll design allow the compressor to be more tolerant of liquid refrigerant or debris than other technologies, making for a compressor that is extremely durable and reliable.
The combination of axial and radial compliance means that Scroll compressors actually “wear in” rather than wearing out. Continuous flank contact, maintained by centrifugal force, also minimizes gas leakage and maximizes efficiency of the compressor.
Friday, August 15, 2008
Wednesday, August 13, 2008
Why won't China buy their own Air Conditioners
Carrier Corp. Secures Nearly 70 Percent of HVAC Contracts for Beijing Games
Last update: 11:29 a.m. EDT Aug. 13, 2008
BEIJING, Aug 13, 2008 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ -- Carrier Corp., a unit of United Technologies Corp., achieved another milestone in its connection to the 2008 Beijing Games, securing nearly 70 percent of all heating, ventilating and air-conditioning contracts for the venues. Carrier supplied a full line of integrated systems to the Summer Games facilities, ranging from AquaSnap(R) air-cooled chillers with Puron(R) refrigerant to large centrifugal chillers to air-handling units, fan coil units and the Carrier Comfort Network (CCN) controls system.
The "Water Cube" National Aquatics Center, one of the major venues for the Beijing Games, utilizes four Carrier Centrifugal Chillers, a control network and air-side products. Carrier's innovative technology recovers more than 50 percent of the exhaust heat in the aquatics center and then uses it to warm the swimming pool. "This technology reduces heat emission in the environment as well as the energy consumed for heating," stated Ross Shuster, president, Carrier Building Systems and Services, Asia. "Additionally, our high tier air-handling units have gone through a strict anticorrosive process to ensure long-term operation under a damp and high-chlorine indoor environment."
Another application featuring Carrier's customized solutions is the Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium for badminton and rhythmic gymnastics. Carrier's uniquely designed air-conditioning system uses a water-source heat pump to employ ground water to prepare cold and hot water for air conditioning.
The "Bird's Nest" National Stadium features the first Chinese-produced HVAC product certified by EN 1886, the highest international HVAC standards. Carrier's air-handling units have air leakage rate of less then 1 percent and each unit is equipped with Carrier's new high-voltage electrostatic air cleaner to remove airborne particles which improves indoor air quality.
To ensure that the air-conditioning systems in all venues operate smoothly and efficiently, Carrier established a Remote Monitoring Center for the Beijing Games. The high-tech center can trace and analyze the data of air-conditioning system operations and release warnings. "This service helps ensure that Carrier's air-conditioning systems are operating under optimized conditions with maximum energy efficiency," added Shuster.
One important venue in Beijing is a multi-building community that will house athletes during the games. The Beijing Olympic Village achieved LEED(R) ND (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Neighborhood Development) certification with design consultation support from Environmental Market Solutions, Inc. (EMSI). EMSI is an environmental and green building company owned by Carrier Corp. The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) awards the venue LEED ND certification at the Gold level.
With a long tradition of environmental leadership, Carrier's forward- looking view drives the company to address the environmental effect of products well in advance of regulatory timetables. Carrier was the pioneer in the global phase-out of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in 1994 and introduced Puron(R) refrigerant, a non-ozone depleting refrigerant, into air-conditioning systems in 1996. Carrier is leading the transition away from hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) as well to further promoting ozone preservation. Carrier's environmental stewardship extends beyond its products. Since 1997, Carrier has doubled sales but kept energy use flat.
Carrier's Environmental Leadership
For its environmental leadership around the world, Carrier Corp. was awarded the 2007 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award as well as the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Chinese Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In addition, Carrier was the first HVAC manufacturer to be permitted entry into the U.S. EPA's Climate Leader program and a corporate founding member of the U.S. Green Building Council.
"Worldwide, Carrier invests in innovative products and solutions that meet the varied needs of customers in an environmentally sound manner," said Kelly Romano, president, Building Systems and Services, Carrier. "The 'green' values that are apparent in Carrier's work for the 2008 Beijing Games are the same principles that have built both the success of Carrier Corp. and our reputation for visionary environmental leadership."
For more information on these and other Carrier and EMSI projects and services visit www.carrier.com.
About Carrier Corp.
Carrier Corp., headquartered in Farmington, Conn., is the world's largest provider of heating, air-conditioning and refrigeration solutions. With 2007 revenues of $14.6 billion, Carrier has approximately 43,000 employees worldwide and operations in more than 170 countries. Carrier is part of United Technologies Corp., a Hartford, Connecticut-based provider of products and services to the aerospace and building systems industries worldwide. Visit www.carrier.com for more information.
About EMSI
Established in 2000, Environmental Market Solutions, Inc. (EMSI) is an environmental and green building consulting company with offices in Washington, D.C., Missouri, Beijing and Shanghai. The company provides sustainable design consulting services to building developers and owners to create energy-efficient and LEED-certified buildings.
Last update: 11:29 a.m. EDT Aug. 13, 2008
BEIJING, Aug 13, 2008 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ -- Carrier Corp., a unit of United Technologies Corp., achieved another milestone in its connection to the 2008 Beijing Games, securing nearly 70 percent of all heating, ventilating and air-conditioning contracts for the venues. Carrier supplied a full line of integrated systems to the Summer Games facilities, ranging from AquaSnap(R) air-cooled chillers with Puron(R) refrigerant to large centrifugal chillers to air-handling units, fan coil units and the Carrier Comfort Network (CCN) controls system.
The "Water Cube" National Aquatics Center, one of the major venues for the Beijing Games, utilizes four Carrier Centrifugal Chillers, a control network and air-side products. Carrier's innovative technology recovers more than 50 percent of the exhaust heat in the aquatics center and then uses it to warm the swimming pool. "This technology reduces heat emission in the environment as well as the energy consumed for heating," stated Ross Shuster, president, Carrier Building Systems and Services, Asia. "Additionally, our high tier air-handling units have gone through a strict anticorrosive process to ensure long-term operation under a damp and high-chlorine indoor environment."
Another application featuring Carrier's customized solutions is the Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium for badminton and rhythmic gymnastics. Carrier's uniquely designed air-conditioning system uses a water-source heat pump to employ ground water to prepare cold and hot water for air conditioning.
The "Bird's Nest" National Stadium features the first Chinese-produced HVAC product certified by EN 1886, the highest international HVAC standards. Carrier's air-handling units have air leakage rate of less then 1 percent and each unit is equipped with Carrier's new high-voltage electrostatic air cleaner to remove airborne particles which improves indoor air quality.
To ensure that the air-conditioning systems in all venues operate smoothly and efficiently, Carrier established a Remote Monitoring Center for the Beijing Games. The high-tech center can trace and analyze the data of air-conditioning system operations and release warnings. "This service helps ensure that Carrier's air-conditioning systems are operating under optimized conditions with maximum energy efficiency," added Shuster.
One important venue in Beijing is a multi-building community that will house athletes during the games. The Beijing Olympic Village achieved LEED(R) ND (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Neighborhood Development) certification with design consultation support from Environmental Market Solutions, Inc. (EMSI). EMSI is an environmental and green building company owned by Carrier Corp. The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) awards the venue LEED ND certification at the Gold level.
With a long tradition of environmental leadership, Carrier's forward- looking view drives the company to address the environmental effect of products well in advance of regulatory timetables. Carrier was the pioneer in the global phase-out of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in 1994 and introduced Puron(R) refrigerant, a non-ozone depleting refrigerant, into air-conditioning systems in 1996. Carrier is leading the transition away from hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) as well to further promoting ozone preservation. Carrier's environmental stewardship extends beyond its products. Since 1997, Carrier has doubled sales but kept energy use flat.
Carrier's Environmental Leadership
For its environmental leadership around the world, Carrier Corp. was awarded the 2007 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award as well as the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Chinese Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In addition, Carrier was the first HVAC manufacturer to be permitted entry into the U.S. EPA's Climate Leader program and a corporate founding member of the U.S. Green Building Council.
"Worldwide, Carrier invests in innovative products and solutions that meet the varied needs of customers in an environmentally sound manner," said Kelly Romano, president, Building Systems and Services, Carrier. "The 'green' values that are apparent in Carrier's work for the 2008 Beijing Games are the same principles that have built both the success of Carrier Corp. and our reputation for visionary environmental leadership."
For more information on these and other Carrier and EMSI projects and services visit www.carrier.com.
About Carrier Corp.
Carrier Corp., headquartered in Farmington, Conn., is the world's largest provider of heating, air-conditioning and refrigeration solutions. With 2007 revenues of $14.6 billion, Carrier has approximately 43,000 employees worldwide and operations in more than 170 countries. Carrier is part of United Technologies Corp., a Hartford, Connecticut-based provider of products and services to the aerospace and building systems industries worldwide. Visit www.carrier.com for more information.
About EMSI
Established in 2000, Environmental Market Solutions, Inc. (EMSI) is an environmental and green building consulting company with offices in Washington, D.C., Missouri, Beijing and Shanghai. The company provides sustainable design consulting services to building developers and owners to create energy-efficient and LEED-certified buildings.
Sunday, August 10, 2008
Fast Food Goes Green
GreenCore Solar Air Conditioners to Be Installed in McDonald's Restaurant
Marketwire
McDonald's Franchisee in Dallas, TX Purchases GreenCore Solar Air Conditioners
August 06, 2008: 08:00 AM EST
GreenCore Technology, Inc., formerly AquaCell Technologies, Inc. (PINKSHEETS: AQUA) announced today that its Texas distributor, Solar Green Solutions, has sold the Company's GreenCore 10200 solar powered DC air conditioners to a McDonald's franchisee for installation in a McDonald's restaurant. McDonald's will be supplementing its traditional air conditioning system with the GreenCore solar DC air conditioners in order to reduce energy usage and related monthly operating costs.
Brian Becker, President of Solar Green Solutions, said, "McDonald's is a great high-profile application for the GreenCore Solar Air Conditioner. The ability to bring hybrid air conditioning to reduce the McDonald's restaurant's operating costs was very important to the franchisee for many reasons, not the least of which is their desire to 'go green.'"
Mr. Becker continued, "We are very optimistic about expanding this market application beyond this particular franchisee. With the recent heat wave we have experienced in the Dallas area, we are even more excited about the opportunity to bring this alternative energy climate control product to our growing customer base."
Kevin Spence, GreenCore's President and Chief Financial Officer, said, "We are extremely excited about this customer opportunity for our GreenCore solar powered DC air conditioner brought to us by Solar Green Solutions. We are convinced that as exposure to our product becomes more widespread, applications for our solar powered DC air conditioner will expand far beyond our initial target markets."
The GreenCore solar powered DC air conditioner (www.greencoreair.com) combines the most efficient photovoltaic technology with DC engineered air conditioning innovation to provide climate control that does not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. The system has been designed to efficiently operate completely grid-free or as a hybrid air conditioning unit.
About GreenCore Technology
GreenCore Technology, Inc., formerly AquaCell Technologies, Inc. (www.aquacell.com) is based in Rancho Cucamonga CA. GreenCore develops, manufactures and markets "green" technology products. GreenCore is dedicated to helping conserve energy and natural resources while reducing pollutants and unwanted biological agents.
GreenCore is the world's only producer of a patented DC air conditioner powered by solar energy. The Company also manufactures earth-friendly water coolers designed to eliminate the energy required to produce and deliver traditional bottled water, as well as the waste generated in landfills.
Marketwire
McDonald's Franchisee in Dallas, TX Purchases GreenCore Solar Air Conditioners
August 06, 2008: 08:00 AM EST
GreenCore Technology, Inc., formerly AquaCell Technologies, Inc. (PINKSHEETS: AQUA) announced today that its Texas distributor, Solar Green Solutions, has sold the Company's GreenCore 10200 solar powered DC air conditioners to a McDonald's franchisee for installation in a McDonald's restaurant. McDonald's will be supplementing its traditional air conditioning system with the GreenCore solar DC air conditioners in order to reduce energy usage and related monthly operating costs.
Brian Becker, President of Solar Green Solutions, said, "McDonald's is a great high-profile application for the GreenCore Solar Air Conditioner. The ability to bring hybrid air conditioning to reduce the McDonald's restaurant's operating costs was very important to the franchisee for many reasons, not the least of which is their desire to 'go green.'"
Mr. Becker continued, "We are very optimistic about expanding this market application beyond this particular franchisee. With the recent heat wave we have experienced in the Dallas area, we are even more excited about the opportunity to bring this alternative energy climate control product to our growing customer base."
Kevin Spence, GreenCore's President and Chief Financial Officer, said, "We are extremely excited about this customer opportunity for our GreenCore solar powered DC air conditioner brought to us by Solar Green Solutions. We are convinced that as exposure to our product becomes more widespread, applications for our solar powered DC air conditioner will expand far beyond our initial target markets."
The GreenCore solar powered DC air conditioner (www.greencoreair.com) combines the most efficient photovoltaic technology with DC engineered air conditioning innovation to provide climate control that does not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. The system has been designed to efficiently operate completely grid-free or as a hybrid air conditioning unit.
About GreenCore Technology
GreenCore Technology, Inc., formerly AquaCell Technologies, Inc. (www.aquacell.com) is based in Rancho Cucamonga CA. GreenCore develops, manufactures and markets "green" technology products. GreenCore is dedicated to helping conserve energy and natural resources while reducing pollutants and unwanted biological agents.
GreenCore is the world's only producer of a patented DC air conditioner powered by solar energy. The Company also manufactures earth-friendly water coolers designed to eliminate the energy required to produce and deliver traditional bottled water, as well as the waste generated in landfills.
Saturday, August 9, 2008
There are no silly questions
Q: My husband thinks you get better cooling and airflow if you leave some windows open while running the air conditioning. He leaves two windows open on the second floor of our house 2 or 3 inches.
One of the windows is above the air conditioning unit. I think it is inefficient and wasteful.
A: It's not wise.
"Operating the air conditioner with the window open negates the dehumidification that the AC would be providing," said Phil Smith, energy specialist with the Minnesota Department of Energy Security.
"The Dehumidification of air is one of the key elements to the comfort we get in air conditioning."
In the situation you describe, the open window above the compressor and coils could serve as a "short circuit," permitting heat you have just removed to simply blow back in, he added.
Close the windows when using air conditioning. But be mindful of outdoor conditions so you can turn off the AC and open your windows when the weather permits.
Other home-cooling tips from the Department of Energy Security:
Run the dishwasher at night, turn off lights when not needed, and use bath and kitchen fans to exhaust hot, moist air from bathing and cooking to the outside.
- Use a ceiling fan. Although ceilings fan don't cool a house, they help people feel cool by moving air over them. Energy Star-qualified ceiling fans have optimized fan blades and motors; those with qualified light kits are 50 percent more energy-efficient than standard models.
- If you use window fans, place them on the cool side of the house, blowing inward. Fans blowing to the outside can depressurize a house, creating dangerous back-drafting problems with water heaters or other combustion appliances. Attic fans and whole house fans are not recommended for the same reason.
One of the windows is above the air conditioning unit. I think it is inefficient and wasteful.
A: It's not wise.
"Operating the air conditioner with the window open negates the dehumidification that the AC would be providing," said Phil Smith, energy specialist with the Minnesota Department of Energy Security.
"The Dehumidification of air is one of the key elements to the comfort we get in air conditioning."
In the situation you describe, the open window above the compressor and coils could serve as a "short circuit," permitting heat you have just removed to simply blow back in, he added.
Close the windows when using air conditioning. But be mindful of outdoor conditions so you can turn off the AC and open your windows when the weather permits.
Other home-cooling tips from the Department of Energy Security:
Run the dishwasher at night, turn off lights when not needed, and use bath and kitchen fans to exhaust hot, moist air from bathing and cooking to the outside.
- Use a ceiling fan. Although ceilings fan don't cool a house, they help people feel cool by moving air over them. Energy Star-qualified ceiling fans have optimized fan blades and motors; those with qualified light kits are 50 percent more energy-efficient than standard models.
- If you use window fans, place them on the cool side of the house, blowing inward. Fans blowing to the outside can depressurize a house, creating dangerous back-drafting problems with water heaters or other combustion appliances. Attic fans and whole house fans are not recommended for the same reason.
Tuesday, August 5, 2008
Air Conditioning Basics
Air-conditioning Basics
An air conditioner is basically a refrigerator without the insulated box. It uses the evaporation of a refrigerant, like Freon, to provide cooling. The mechanics of the Freon evaporation cycle are the same in a refrigerator as in an air conditioner. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary Online, the term Freon is generically "used for any of various nonflammable fluorocarbons used as refrigerants and as propellants for aerosols."
The compressor compresses cool Freon gas, causing it to become hot, high-pressure Freon gas (red in the diagram above).
This hot gas runs through a set of coils so it can dissipate its heat, and it condenses into a liquid.
The Freon liquid runs through an expansion valve, and in the process it evaporates to become cold, low-pressure Freon gas (light blue in the diagram above).
This cold gas runs through a set of coils that allow the gas to absorb heat and cool down the air inside the building.
Mixed in with the Freon is a small amount of a lightweight oil. This oil lubricates the compressor.
An air conditioner is basically a refrigerator without the insulated box. It uses the evaporation of a refrigerant, like Freon, to provide cooling. The mechanics of the Freon evaporation cycle are the same in a refrigerator as in an air conditioner. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary Online, the term Freon is generically "used for any of various nonflammable fluorocarbons used as refrigerants and as propellants for aerosols."
The compressor compresses cool Freon gas, causing it to become hot, high-pressure Freon gas (red in the diagram above).
This hot gas runs through a set of coils so it can dissipate its heat, and it condenses into a liquid.
The Freon liquid runs through an expansion valve, and in the process it evaporates to become cold, low-pressure Freon gas (light blue in the diagram above).
This cold gas runs through a set of coils that allow the gas to absorb heat and cool down the air inside the building.
Mixed in with the Freon is a small amount of a lightweight oil. This oil lubricates the compressor.
Sunday, August 3, 2008
UN goes green, orders drastic cut of air-conditioning use
UN goes green, orders drastic cut of air-conditioning use
The United Nations on Wednesday announced a drastic cut of air-conditioning usage at its New York headquarters for the month of August that will raise the temperature from a crisp 72 degrees Fahrenheit (22 Celsius) to a balmy 77.
Under a directive from UN chief Ban Ki-moon, the air-conditioning in the 39-floor Secretariat building will be turned off on weekends.
Assuming the temperature change goes smoothly, the ‘Cool UN’ initiative to cut down on energy costs and implement climate change solutions could be extended for a full year, saving the world body one million dollars and reducing the building’s carbon dioxide emmissions by 2,800 tonnes.
During the winter, the process would be reversed and the thermostat would be lowered by five degrees Fahrenheit.
“We have succeeded in moving climate change to the top of the international agenda for action, and this means that the UN must take action itself,” Ban said in a statement. “We must lead by example and if we are to ask others to take action, we must do so as well.”
As part of the initiative, Ban is encouraging staff, delegates and diplomats to relax clothing protocols and wear lighter attire or don their national dress rather than wear business suits as of August 1.
Asked whether the secretary general would be setting an example in this regard as well, Janos Pasztor, head of the the Secretary General Climate Support Team, told reporters: “He will be wearing lighter clothes as well, he has confirmed that.” afp
The United Nations on Wednesday announced a drastic cut of air-conditioning usage at its New York headquarters for the month of August that will raise the temperature from a crisp 72 degrees Fahrenheit (22 Celsius) to a balmy 77.
Under a directive from UN chief Ban Ki-moon, the air-conditioning in the 39-floor Secretariat building will be turned off on weekends.
Assuming the temperature change goes smoothly, the ‘Cool UN’ initiative to cut down on energy costs and implement climate change solutions could be extended for a full year, saving the world body one million dollars and reducing the building’s carbon dioxide emmissions by 2,800 tonnes.
During the winter, the process would be reversed and the thermostat would be lowered by five degrees Fahrenheit.
“We have succeeded in moving climate change to the top of the international agenda for action, and this means that the UN must take action itself,” Ban said in a statement. “We must lead by example and if we are to ask others to take action, we must do so as well.”
As part of the initiative, Ban is encouraging staff, delegates and diplomats to relax clothing protocols and wear lighter attire or don their national dress rather than wear business suits as of August 1.
Asked whether the secretary general would be setting an example in this regard as well, Janos Pasztor, head of the the Secretary General Climate Support Team, told reporters: “He will be wearing lighter clothes as well, he has confirmed that.” afp
Friday, August 1, 2008
I Love Engineers but they don't know it all
Just finished a Walk through on a new school we did the Mechanical on (we are in the mid south so we build alot of schools) and we found one system for the common area/ hallway the unit was running fine with proper superheat and subcooling the temperature drop was 18 degrees the problem was they had us install the system in a closet in an unconditioned closet in the outside wall I did not notice it on the plans and during start up it never occurred to anyone until the space temp and humidity were an issue guess it happens to us all
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